Champignons forest: false and real
To false mushrooms carry poisonous, which are very similar to edible. They repeat them so precisely that even experienced mushroom pickers can not always say with certainty that this is a false, and this is an edible specimen. This is the case with champignons. There are a lot of different types of them, so to guess where an edible variety is and where not - not everyone can.
Types of False Champignon
In order not to collect false champignons, read their detailed description.
Did you know? Italians were the first to find champignons. It was more than 1000 years ago. Later they guessed that they could be grown on their own. This was the first species of mushrooms, yielding crops in artificial conditions.
Yellow skin
A variety of poisonous mushrooms from the genus of champignons found in North America, Europe. It can also be found in Australia. It has a bell-shaped hat 5-15 cm in diameter. Its edges are slightly bent inward. It is fleshy, whitish-brown in color and, if pressed on, becomes a little yellowish. It feels smooth, dry. It happens with a cracked edge. Leg 6-10 cm long and 2-3 cm in diameter, hollow inside. Her base is swollen.
Also read about how to distinguish false foxes from real ones.
California
This false champignon has a dry, naked, sometimes scaly, hat. It takes shades from whitish to brownish, often with a metallic sheen. Its central part is slightly darker than the edges. In young mushrooms, the edges of the caps are turned up. The leg is smooth, often curved, with a ring.
Important! Eating California champignon causes upset stomach.
Flat hat
False champignon is from North America. In adult specimens, the cap is 25–75 mm in diameter. In young people, it is conical in shape, with age it becomes convex and broad-convex. The middle of it is flat, and the edge is tucked up. It is painted white with grayish or gray-brown scales. The central part is gray-brown. The records are free. In young animals, they are white, after they turn pink or become chocolate brown.
Did you know? Some European kings had special rooms where the best champignons were grown, and no one except the monarchs had the right to taste them.
Similar poisonous mushrooms
Poisonous mushrooms absorb toxic substances from the soil, so their use is fraught with serious consequences. They, like false ones, skillfully disguise themselves as edible mushrooms.
Death cap
Very dangerous mushroom. Young pale toadstool is egg-shaped and covered with a film. Her hat is 5-15 cm in diameter. It can be olive, greenish or grayish in color. First hemispherical, then becomes flat. The edge is smooth, with a fibrous surface. The plates are soft, loose. In young specimens, the ring is wide, in the form of a fringe. Often disappears with age.
Important! Pale grebe is very poisonous. A lethal dose of 1 g of raw pulp per 1 kg of human weight.
He likes to grow on nutrient land near oaks, beech, hazel in well-lit areas. May occur singly or in groups. A lot of grebes in the deciduous and mixed forests of Eurasia, North America. Growth period: the last month of summer is autumn.
Bright fly agaric
Light fly agaric or fly agaric white, or spring grebe is found on calcareous soils in deciduous forests of a warm temperate climate. You can find it in the spring. It has a white, smooth, slightly shiny open hat 35-100 mm in diameter.
False champignon differences
Due to the fact that poisonous mushrooms may look like edible, they are often confused, which is extremely dangerous for health. Therefore, it is very important to be able to distinguish them, so as not to harm themselves and loved ones. The real champignon is a forest mushroom; you will not find it in parks and gardens. Usually poisonous doubles with a dark circle in the center of the cap. By pressing on it you can see yellowish spots. But such a check is not always effective, since false and poisonous mushrooms can be so similar in appearance to edible that spots can occur in everyone.
Important! When boiling some poisonous mushrooms, the water first turns yellow, and then becomes transparent. This is misleading to many. But toxic substances do not disappear from such mushrooms after heat treatment.
Therefore, you need to learn to determine the grebe on other grounds:
- it quickly turns yellow on a slice;
- the smell is sharp, unpleasant, often manifests itself during cooking;
- during cooking, the water turns yellow.
Signs of poisoning and first aid
If you have not learned to recognize edible among all types of champignons and accidentally collected grebes, then using them you will experience symptoms of poisoning.
Find out what are the symptoms of mushroom poisoning.
They may differ for all people, but in general the picture will look like this:
- 2-3 hours after eating the mushrooms, vomiting and upset are observed;
- followed by gastric colic, cramping;
- the temperature will jump;
- diarrhea begins.
After the condition improves for 1-2 days. At this time, toxins actively attack the liver and kidneys, which after a couple of days affects their performance. As soon as the first symptoms of poisoning appeared, an ambulance should be urgently called. While doctors are traveling, it is necessary to cleanse the body. You should drink a liter of a weak solution of potassium permanganate to cause vomiting. Then drink sorbents - 1 g / 1 kg.