Garden

What to make tomatoes in the greenhouse blush faster

The greenhouse is designed to receive ripe fruits, in this case, tomatoes, at an earlier date than in the open ground. If the pigmentation of tomato fruits in the greenhouse is delayed, it means that some agrotechnical rules have been violated, which will be discussed in more detail in the article.

Why do tomatoes in the greenhouse slowly turn red

After a maximum of a month has elapsed since the formation of the ovary, the tomato is supposed to start ripening by nature, acquiring its conditioning color in 12–20 days.

If this does not happen, it means that the following factors were violated - together or separately:

temperature conditions of growth;
soil nutrient balance;
humidity mode;
lighting conditions;
acid-base balance in the soil.

Did you know? Although it is generally accepted that tomatoes were native to South America, from where they came to Europe and Asia, recently in China, over 2000 years old, tomato seeds were found in a burial place that is more than 2000 years old. They not only looked beautiful in appearance, but also sprouted.

Violation of growing conditions

The most often negative effect on the delayed pigmentation of tomato fruits is exceeded by the temperature regime in the greenhouse beyond + 15–35 ° C, which leads to a failure of lycopene metabolism in tomatoes. As you know, it is this natural pigment that colors the tomatoes in their usual color.

Excessive air humidity in the greenhouse and insufficient lighting also adversely affect the pigmentation of tomato fruits.

Nutrient deficiency

Lack of light with an excess of air humidity, as mentioned above, make tomatoes consume less nitrogen and need more potassium.

Meanwhile, the organic fertilizers that feed tomatoes when planting seedlings in a greenhouse supply mainly nitrogen. As a result, there is an overabundance of it in the soil with a simultaneous lack of potassium, while during flowering, the formation of ovaries and fruit growth, this mineral, as well as phosphorus and iodine, are extremely needed. Their deficiency inhibits the staining of tomato fruits in a significant way.

We recommend reading what fertilizers, and how to use them correctly for feeding tomatoes in a greenhouse.

Other reasons

A serious counteraction to the timely reddening of tomatoes in the greenhouse is also exerted by:

excessive thickening of tomato bushes with green mass and an excessive amount of ovaries on them;
an overabundance of ultraviolet rays falling on the fruits and taking away their color;
acidic environment in the soil (at 4–5 pH), which makes it difficult for nutrients to enter the tomato bush;
alkaline medium (at 8–9 pH), which impedes the assimilation of beneficial substances by the plant;
soil temperature that goes beyond the required + 17–20 ° C.

What to make tomatoes blush faster in the greenhouse

In order to accelerate the reddening of tomato fruits in the greenhouse, it is necessary to scrupulously adhere to the agrotechnical rules for the cultivation of these vegetables and eliminate the causes that inhibit the process of their pigmentation. Did you know? Today in the world there are at least 10, 000 different varieties of tomatoes, the smallest of which does not even reach 2 cm. In addition, there are tomato varieties whose fruits reach a weight of 1.5 kg.

Topping and pinching the tops

The correct illumination of tomatoes on it and the optimal distribution of nutrients among the green mass and fruits depend on how well the tomato bush is formed.

The competent formation of a tomato bush with the help of pinching and pinching the tops depends on the type of tomato:

indeterminate varieties forming in a single stalk are exempted from all lateral runs weekly, and in the first half of August they cut off the top of the bush, spaced 3 sheets apart from the upper fruit bunch, at the same time eliminate all flowers and ovaries the size of a cherry;
a semi-determinant variety is formed in two stems, for which they use the lower stepson, and eliminate the rest, as soon as they appear. The same thing happens with the top, if by mid-August the growth of the bush does not stop on its own;
determinant varieties that independently stop growing at a certain height of a three-trunked bush do not need to pinch the tops, however, axillary leaves undergo pinching as they appear;
superdeterminant tomatoes do not need pinching or pinching the tops.

Important! Tomato bushes should not be formed immediately after irrigation or fertilizing. After these procedures, at least 2 days should pass.

Of great importance for the well-being of plants are the correct actions when removing stepsons:

Shoots growing from leaf sinuses need to be broken off with your fingers and it is not recommended to cut with scissors.
The best time for pinching is an early and warm morning, because in the remaining daytime the wounds at the breakage sites have time to dry out and do not rot.
The first time stepsoning is carried out half a month after transplanting the seedlings into the greenhouse, after which the operation is repeated every 8-12 days.
Do not break out the axillary shoot completely in order to avoid the appearance of a new process. It is best to leave a 2 cm long shoot in the bosom of the leaf.
It is not necessary to allow the stepsons to grow over a length of more than 7 cm, otherwise the plant may get stressed during the stepsoning.
In order to prevent the infection from entering the place of the shoot breaking, it is necessary to moisten the fingers with manganese solution during the pinching.

Video: rules for planting tomatoes in a greenhouse

Removing new flowers

After the formation of the bulk of the fruit, the appearance of new flowers and ovaries is not desirable. From the end of summer, when this happens, before the onset of cold weather, the new ovaries simply do not have time to turn into full-fledged fruits, and even more so, to turn red. This is especially true for stunted and medium-sized shrubs, so blooming buds and small ovaries are carefully cut with a sharp knife or scissors that are pre-disinfected in a potassium permanganate solution.

See also why tomatoes bloom, but there is no ovary, and what should be done.

Climate recovery

During the pollination of flowers, the formation of ovaries and their development, the optimal temperature in the daytime in the greenhouse should be between + 24 ° C and + 27 ° C. After the fruits gain the required mass, for their full filling, the temperature in the greenhouse can be raised, but so that it does not exceed + 35 ° C.

Since the end of summer, when daylight hours are noticeably shortened, artificial lighting is required in the greenhouse.

The optimum air humidity when growing tomatoes in a greenhouse is considered to be an interval between 60% and 70%. At higher humidity, the growth and development of plants is inhibited, and at lower humidity, the qualitative pollination of flowers is hindered.

Top dressing

As already emphasized, the excessive presence of nitrates in the soil stimulates violent growth of green mass and at the same time inhibits pigmentation of fruits.

At the stage of setting, formation and ripening of fruits, minerals are extremely necessary in the form of:

potassium;
phosphorus;
iodine.

With their deficiency, it is best to use folk remedies - for example, iodine-ash feeding.

Read also what and how to feed tomatoes during flowering and fruiting in the greenhouse.

To prepare it, do the following:

Pour two liter cans of chopped wood ash into a container with a capacity of at least 12 liters.
Pour 5 liters of boiling water on top.
After the mixture has cooled, add another 5 liters of water to it.
Cover the container and put in the shade for a week.
Then pour the resulting ash infusion into another bucket and add 20 ml of pharmacy iodine solution and 10 g of boric acid to it.
Before use, add 9 liters of water heated to the temperature of the greenhouse to each liter of solution.
Pour up to 1 liter of infusion under each tomato bush.

Consider how to water a tomato bush during the ripening of its fruits.

For this purpose, you can prepare an extract from superphosphate:

Pour 100 g of superphosphate in granules with 5 cups of boiled water.
After thorough mixing, leave the mixture for a day, during which it is mixed several times.
After a day, separate the resulting suspension from the precipitate.
Then dissolve 20 tablespoons of the extract in 3 liters of water.
¾ Dilute the cup of the resulting solution in a bucket of water and pour tomatoes at the rate of 1 liter for each tomato bush with this liquid.

Learn also how and how to properly feed tomatoes during fruiting in the greenhouse.

What can not be done when ripening tomatoes

In order for there to be plenty of ripened tomatoes in the greenhouse on time, you also need to know what should not be done.

During the ripening period of the fruits and the acquisition of the required color, so that they can successfully sing, it is highly not recommended:

water abundantly bushes;
feed them with nitrates;
in hot weather, arrange the effect of a steam room in the greenhouse.

Important! If in the second half of the summer you don’t stop feeding tomato bushes with nitrogen-rich organic fertilizers in the form of mullein or chicken droppings, this will not only slow down the pigmentation of the fruits, but also worsen their taste.

To take full advantage of the greenhouse, which allows you to get ripened tomatoes to the table earlier than in the open ground, and not to miss this opportunity, you should know the simple agrotechnical rules and carefully follow them.