Rosehip has long been known for its healing properties. Every year, housewives collect leaves and berries of this culture in order to prepare healing tinctures from them. In the world there are a huge number of different types of rose hips. Some of them are similar to each other, but most differ in external characteristics.

Description

Rosehip bushes are evergreen and deciduous. This culture belongs to the family Pink. Most bushes are characterized by straight shoots.

The popularity of rose hips can be explained by its unpretentiousness to environmental conditions:

• high winter hardiness;
• resistance to drought;
• unpretentiousness to the soil.

What does it look like

It is impossible to give a specific description of rosehip bushes. There are varieties that are characterized by a maximum height of 40 cm. There are shrubs that grow up to 20 m. The shoots are mostly smooth and light brown. The bark does not crack.

Most varieties are covered with small and rounded spikes. But there are varieties that are characterized by a smooth shoot surface. Leaves are oval or elliptical. Mostly they are dark green in color. Inflorescences are found in different colors and diameters, depending on the variety.

Where the rosehip grows

Rosehip bushes are found throughout the globe. Despite the fact that they prefer to grow in temperate and subtropical zones of the northern hemisphere, some varieties are found in the mountains of tropical latitudes. Did you know? The largest rosehip is considered Banks liana. The diameter of its trunk is 3.5 m, and the total area of ​​the bush is 750 m².

The most frost-resistant species grow near the Arctic Circle, and differ in good fruiting (up to 2 kg from the bush). The most favorable conditions for growing rose hips are the territory from the Mediterranean Sea to the Himalayas.

Fruit

The first fruits appear on the bushes at the age of 3 years. Depending on the variety, the shape of the fruit is round or oval. In diameter, the berries reach 1–1.5 cm, and the average weight is 2 g. Most varieties are characterized by red fruits. There are also varieties on the bushes of which burgundy-black berries are formed.

Root system

Rosehip roots are characterized by the presence of a large number of processes. Some of them are deepened by 5 m. Most of them are located at a depth of 30-50 cm. The root system is able to grow and reach a diameter of 1.5 m. Often, plant roots appear above the soil surface. From these processes, new young bushes are formed. Since there is more than one root, at least 15 plants can appear per season.

Varieties of rose hips

In the world there are more than 400 species of wild rose. In Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, this figure reaches 200–250 (according to various sources). Most species are endemic, that is, they grow only in a certain area. Most varieties successfully grow in the climatic conditions of our country and annually give stable yield indicators. If you do not want to plant shrubs in your area, you can collect and harvest berries from wild crops. Learn more about the effects of rosehip on the human body.

Wild rose hips

About 100 varieties of wild rose grow in the wild. They are met in parks, along roads and in the middle of fields. In the Caucasus, about 45 rosehip varieties grow. And in the European part of Russia, 50–55 species grow. Wild rosehip grows up to 3 m in height. There are cultures whose shrubs reach only 15–25 cm. The plant consists of many stems. The average life span of crops is 40 years.

Shoots of an erect type, slightly bending downward. Small needles are tightly placed on the branches, which bring discomfort during the collection of fruits. Leaves are characterized by a complex shape. They consist of 5-6 oval-shaped petals. The hue of the leaf plate is light green. The size of the flower varies between 2-10 cm.

Shade of petals saturated pink. Most varieties have a pleasant aroma, but can be found with a fetid odor culture. The shape of the berries is mainly oval. Since the composition of the fruit contains a high concentration of carotene, the hue of the peel is red or dark raspberry.

Rosehip ordinary

If we consider the description of the wild rose, then the following characteristics are noted:

• the bush is covered with a large number of thorns;
• height up to 2 m;
• leaves are oval, green;
• inflorescences are bright pink, with a pleasant aroma;
• the fruits are oval, red.

Wild rose belongs to unpretentious and winter-hardy crops. It is able to withstand cooling to -50 ° C. In most cases, grown as hedges. Also, its fruits are popular due to its medicinal properties.

Important! Flowering decorative rose hips occur in May or June. Evergreen varieties bloom continuously.

Decorative rose hips

Bushes of decorative rose hips are tall (up to 5 m). Shoots arcuate, hanging. The surface of the branches is covered with sickle-shaped and sharp spikes. Young shoots are characterized by a light green tint. With age, they turn brown. Flowers can reach a diameter of 2-15 cm. They consist of 5 sepals.

Ripening of decorative rose hips is observed from June to August. Berries are yellow, red and black-brown . The surface of the fruit is characterized by the presence of a small amount of roughness.

White Rosehip

In the world there are a huge number of rosehip crops. The most unusual of them is the white variety, since it does not look like those shrubs that we used to see in city parks and alleys. White rosehip plants belong to deciduous fast-growing crops . In the first few years of life, the bushes grow to a maximum height of 3 m. The shoots are arched, and the crown is wide-spread. The flowers are white, terry.

The bark of a white shrub is characterized by a burgundy or red-green hue. The length of the leaves of the alternating type reaches 15 cm. The width of the leaf plate is up to 5 cm. The upper surface of the foliage is matte, and the inside is covered with a dense layer of omission. The berries are oval, small with a rich red peel. Find out why a rosehip broth is brewed. The most common variety of white rose hips is Globus . Tree shrubs grow up to 3 m in height. Thick and curved shoots bend slightly above the ground due to the large number of large berries. The shoots of a light green hue are completely covered with small spikes. The large-fruited variety is characterized by high productivity (up to 4 kg per bush). The average weight of a spherical bright red berry is 3.5 g.

May Rose

The bush received this name because the flowering period falls at the end of May. Mayrose plants grow to 2-3 m. Shoots are characterized by brown bark. They have a three year development cycle. Flowering occurs in the third year after planting. The flowers are wrinkled, pale pink. The leaves on the bushes of May hips are large, consisting of 5-7 petals. The surface is covered with pubescence, and the edges are serrated.

May hips are characterized by high winter hardiness. It tolerates frosts to -42 ° C. The berries are medium in size with an oblong shape. The peel is dense, saturated red. The fleshy flesh gives the fruit an unusual sugary sweet taste.

You may find it interesting to read about the May rose apple rosehip.

Wrinkled Briar

Shrub rosehip bushes grow up to 2 m. The branches are characterized by an erect shape and substantial thickness (up to 1 cm). On the shoots there are small and curved spikes. They are covered with the same pubescence as the branches. Old bushes have a light gray shade of the bark, and young bushes are brown-brown. The kidneys are red, ovoid. The leaves are wrinkled, saturated green. The flowers are large, their diameter reaches 8 cm. They are characterized by a pink tint and a pleasant aroma. Flowering is from June to October.

Description of berries indicates the following characteristics:

1. The shape is spherical.
2. Diameter - up to 3 cm.
3. Weight - 2–4 g.
4. The pulp is fleshy.
5. The hue of the wrinkled peel is bright red or dark orange.
6. Berries ripen in the middle of summer.

Dog rose

This variety is known as Dog Rose. Dogrose is a tall shrub with arched shoots of a brown hue. The average height of the plant reaches 2 m. The leaves are medium in size, with a length of up to 5 cm. The color of the leaf plate changes depending on the time of year. From April to September it is green, and in October acquires an orange hue. Spines cover not only shoots, but also leaves.

This significantly complicates the harvesting process, as it brings discomfort. The flowers are large, pale pink. Oblong red berries are picked in mid-September. They are mainly located separately, but there are also those that merge with each other, forming a massive fruit. The average weight of the berries is 2 g. The pulp is dense, fleshy.

Important! Dogrose is actively used in folk medicine. It is used for the prevention and treatment of colds.

Rosehip Eichison

Eichison plant is used for landscape compositions. Shrubs are tall, up to 4 m. The shoots are arched, covered with a dense layer of gray plaque. The main shade of the bark is light brown. The flowers are wrinkled, white.

The berries are characterized by an oval oblong shape and a rich brown-red hue. The average mass of the fruit is 3 g. The pulp is dense, moderately juicy. Inside there are a large number of small seeds.

Rosehip fetid

The name of this variety comes from the fact that the fragrance resembles the smell of bugs. Fetal rosehip is a perennial plant that grows up to 2 m in height. The shoots are curved, arched, light brown in color. The spikes on the surface of the branches are straight and randomly located. Leaves are characterized by the shape of an ellipse.

Their length is 2 cm, width - 6 mm, and the shade is light green. Yellow flowers, consisting of 4 petals. Flowering occurs in spring and early summer. There are no berries on the bushes, so the popularity can be justified by the pleasant appearance of the flowers.

Rose gray

A fast-growing shrub grows up to 3 m. The crown of a rose is thick with gray. Dense shoots are covered with small and thin needles. Branches and leaves are painted in the same shade. It can be described as reddish-violet with a blue coating. Large sheet plate (up to 12 cm long and 5 cm wide). It consists of 9 elliptical petals. The purple shade of the foliage does not change throughout the year.

Flowering occurs in June with blue or purple-red flowers. Their diameter is 3 cm. Spherical berries are characterized by a burgundy red tint. The average fruit length is 2.5 cm and weight is 3 g. Berries ripen in late July. They do not fall and stay on the bushes until January. You will be interested to read how to plant a rose, rose hips on rose hips.

Rose chinese gold

This variety is characterized by the absence of berries, so the Chinese golden rose is planted as a hedge or used for landscape design. Shrubs of this variety grow up to 2 m tall. Shoots are light brown, flexible. The leaves are oblong, dark green.

They consist of 9 thin petals, the width of which is no more than 2 cm. Flowering culture can be seen in early July. Terry flowers, saturated yellow hue. Since a large number of them are formed, the bushes need additional support. The plant is able to tolerate long and high frosts.

Rosa Alba

This variety belongs to wrinkled crops. Rosa Alba is characterized by tall (up to 3 m) shrubs with gray-brown shoots. The crown is thick, so you need to thin it regularly. The leaves are smooth, dark green. On their surface you can see a small gray coating, which shimmers beautifully in the sun. The flowers that appear on the bushes in early July are characterized by white color. This variety of decorative rose hips does not bear fruit.

Moss rose

The maximum height of the plant is 1.2 m. The shoots of a moss rose are characterized by a rich brown hue and an erect shape. The leaf plate of this variety is oval, dark green. The advantage and distinguishing feature of the moss rose is the flowers that appear on the bushes in June. Flowering occurs in white, pink and red flowers.

All shades can appear on one bush. The name mossy rose is due to the appearance of sepals and pedicels. They are covered with outgrowths of glandular appearance, which resemble moss. If you look at the photo, you can see that this sort of rosehip does not bear fruit, so it is used only as a decoration for the garden. Winter hardiness is average (up to -20 ° C). This means that you need to protect the bushes from frost every year.

Damask rose

This variety belongs to perennial branching crops. The height of the plant reaches about 1.5 m. The stem is thickened, and the shoots are covered with a large number of small thorns. The leaves are large and characterized by a lanceolate shape. The shade of the leaf plate is saturated emerald. Inflorescences are panicle or semi-umbrella type. In diameter, the flowers can reach 5 cm. The petals of the inflorescences are pink or saturated raspberry.

Did you know? Dried fetid rosehip flowers are used as a drug.

The most common varieties of Damask rose include:

1. Madame Hardy - bushes up to 2 m high with erect shoots. Leaves are green, matte. Spherical flowers are characterized by a white tint with an emerald center. The diameter of the inflorescences is up to 7 cm. The smell is pleasant, lemon.
   

2. Marie Louise is a powerful bush with upright branches. The maximum height is 1.2 m. The leaves are elliptical, opaque, saturated green. Flowers are pale purple or pink. They are thick, and the diameter reaches 4 cm.
   

Rose hips

The variety got this name due to the low height of the bush. Dwarf rosehip plants grow no more than 70 cm. Leaves are medium sized with a length of 6 cm and a width of 2 cm. The surface of the leaf plate is dull, dark green in color. Inflorescences are pink or white, up to 4 cm wide. The number of petals varies between 4–7 pcs. Bushes of dwarf rose hips do not bear fruit. In the fall, it is customary to collect and dry the leaves from which tasty tea is obtained.

So, now you know the main varieties of rose hips. If you decide to plant a crop on your site, then remember the freedom of love of the bush. The distance between adjacent plants should be from 60 to 120 cm. You can grow not only fruit varieties to collect healthy berries. Some varieties are ideal for landscaping.