How to plant and grow ginger at home

Ginger is a herbaceous perennial growing in a tropical climate. The plant is grown commercially for a spicy root. Is it possible to grow a culture in our conditions, at home or in the garden, and how to do it, in detail below.

Is it possible to grow ginger at home

Growing plants in our climate is not uncommon, many gardeners and flower growers already have experience. All that is needed for success is to familiarize yourself in detail with the conditions that culture needs and to ensure them. First of all, it is a microclimate - the birthplace of the Asia plant, where it is warm and humid most of the year.

Depending on the purpose of cultivation: to obtain the root or as a decorative decoration, the gardener needs to study the intricacies of care at different stages of development. Like most tropical plants, ginger needs a dormant period. Subject to the necessary microclimate and care, the flower grower will receive a strong, healthy plant for many years.

Did you know? Young ginger seedlings, the thickness of a pencil, are used in food in many countries. Their taste is similar to mandarin, but with a hint of peppermint.

Root planting

The root, for which the plant is planted in most cases, develops within 10-12 months. During this period, he is gaining enough spice and pungency. Therefore, planting dates are calculated depending on the desired date of receipt of the crop. Typically, the plant begins to germinate in late January, February.

Grade selection

It does not make sense to look for material for planting in nurseries or gardener shops; it is easier to turn your attention to a supermarket. The purchased root must be resilient, dense and uniformly colored. Several kidneys must be present on it, the more the better.

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Usually, two types are sold in retail outlets, although in fact, if you look, there is more choice:

  • white - peeled and processed, it is called Bengali, it is less burning, softer in taste;

  • black - Barbados, it is not processed before sale, the taste and aroma are more spicy and sharp;

  • decorative (beautifully flowering varieties) - Japanese, Zerumbet, Purple;

  • medicinal - Zingiber officinale, according to reviews, it has the most nondescript flowering.

Soil and pot

The soil for the plant should be with good throughput, nutritious and slightly acidic. For home preparation, as a basis, you can purchase a finished peat mixture and add sand to it in a ratio of 3: 1.

Important! At the bottom of the pot there should be drainage holes, if they are not there, do it yourself: water stagnation is detrimental to the plant.

Any soil, including from the store, must be decontaminated:

  1. Shed with potassium permanganate.
  2. Calcine in the oven at t 100 ° C for half an hour;
  3. Steam in a water bath for 1-2 hours.

Ginger rhizome is growing rapidly, so the size of the pot should be impressive if you want to grow a medicinal crop or for culinary needs. Since growth is directed more in the horizontal plane, the tank is chosen wide, preferably plastic.

Preparing planting material

The purchased seedling must be properly prepared: to disinfect and stimulate growth. For disinfecting, potassium permanganate is used, a slightly pink solution with warm water is prepared, in which the root is soaked whole for 30 minutes.

If you plant a plant right away, then you can wait a long time for activity. You can awaken the buds of planting material by placing it in the moss . The bottom of a suitable container is covered with moist sphagnum and a seedling is placed on a kind of soil. The tank needs to be put in heat, a place near heating appliances is ideal. Sphagnum needs to be regularly moistened, for example, spraying from the spray bottle with warm water. As soon as the buds hatch, you can plant in the ground.

Landing technology

Rhizome before planting is divided into parts, on each there are already 2-3 hatching kidneys that have already been hatching. Slices, in order to prevent infection, are powdered with powdered activated carbon. Landing pattern:

  1. At the bottom of the tank is placed 2-3 cm of the drainage layer (expanded clay), then the substrate.
  2. When planting roots, it is not necessary to completely cover with soil. It will be right to leave the kidneys open: in the light, the sprouts will grow faster.

Video: Planting Ginger Root

Germination conditions

In order for the hatching kidneys to soon produce full-fledged sprouts, an imitation of a greenhouse must be created. Cover the container with seedlings with glass or film, place on the windowsill next to the heater. Ideal conditions for germination - temperature above + 22 ° С.

Healthy, full-fledged stems appear within 2–4 weeks. The greenhouse can be removed, and seedlings sprinkled with soil.

Important! Ventilate and remove condensation regularly so that rot does not occur.

Features of care and maintenance

A grown plant also needs to ensure maximum comfort so that the crop is succulent and most useful.

Microclimate

As mentioned above, ginger is a tropical plant, so the development conditions differ by season. So, the optimal microclimate:

  • lighting - partial shade in the summer, active sun can burn delicate foliage. The duration of daylight hours is 14–16 hours; during short daylight hours, artificial lighting with a phytolamp is required;
  • temperature - spring + 20 ... + 22 ° С, in the summer + 24 ... + 28 ° С, November - January + 5 ... + 15 ° С (rest period). Sudden changes in temperature, drafts are contraindicated. In summer you can keep on the balcony;
  • humidity - 80–90%, regular spraying of air near the pot, foliage if necessary, constant circulation of fresh air.

Watering and feeding

Between spring and late fall, until the dormant period begins, ginger needs regular watering. You should not be zealous and fill the soil, otherwise the tubers will rot . You can focus on the state of the soil - always a little wet. The approximate interval between watering is 2–4 days. Since the beginning of November, watering has been gradually reduced so that there is no sharp drop. During the dormant period, the plant does not need to be watered, just spray the soil from the spray gun.

Fertilize the culture begin 2-3 weeks after the appearance of strong stems. Time of active top dressing March - October, interval 14–20 days. Before the summer season, nitrogen compounds are used, after which they switch to complexes with potassium.

Did you know? Ginger in land plays the role of an antiseptic: its active components destroy the bacteria that are found in raw fish.

As a nitrogen top dressing, mullein infusion diluted with 1:20 water is used. Organic fertilizers are not always available at home, so they take urea 1 g / 2.5 l of water instead, to water several plants. As potash, kalimagnesia, potassium sulfate 2.5 g / 3 l of water or wood ash 50 g / 2 l of water are used.

Pruning and soil care

When ginger is grown for the sake of the root, it is advisable to prune its green shoots. Thus, all the juices and nutrients absorbed by the culture will be sent to the tuber. Pinch and thin out the ground part as the shoots grow.

Find out what to do if the ginger root sprouts.

A prerequisite is loosening the soil, which saturates the tubers with oxygen. Without air access, the taste of the future crop will be fresh. The procedure is carried out one hour after watering, once a week.

Harvesting

Ginger needs to grow to a full crop for at least 10 months. In this case, it will be juicy, aromatic and rich. If the plant is grown as a medicinal plant, then it needs to be given even more time to ripen.

Read the same way to grow ginger on the windowsill.

Yellowed and withered leaves will serve as a signal that it is time to harvest. The collection process begins with the removal of the ground part. Then the root system is carefully dug up and removed from the soil. The tubers are washed from the adhering earth, if desired, cleaned with a brush, dried.

Growing Ginger at Home for Flowering

In order to bloom, a houseplant needs special conditions, it will take about 3 years to wait. But the result is worth it: a large bright inflorescence is not inferior in beauty to exquisite decorative plants. The duration of the wait is explained by this feature: the peduncle is formed not from a planted tuber, but from a kidney that has matured and gives healthy offspring.

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Stimulation of ground shoots

Culture sharply reacts to all the manipulations carried out with it. If during the formation of a bud bearing a peduncle, you do not add watering, fertilizer, change the lighting or the place of detention, another tuber will appear instead of a flower.

A stimulus for pasting a peduncle instead of a tuber will be a narrow pot. The culture simply will not have room for the development and extension of additional root processes. Naturally, pruning of shoots is not carried out

Conditions at rest

Growing a long-term culture for decorative purposes, we must not forget about the rest period. At this time, you need to provide gentle care, so that in spring the greens actively go to growth. The temperature is lowered gradually: a couple of degrees a day to + 5 ° C.

Lighting at this time is not necessary, as well as top dressing . Watering as such is not carried out, but care must be taken that the soil in the pot does not completely dry out. If you ensure a good change of seasons - to bloom.

Important! You can’t move the pot to another place when the flower stalk has appeared, ginger can “change your mind about blooming”.

Transplanting into open ground or a greenhouse: the difference

The climatic conditions of our country are not suitable for culture, on open ground it is grown only as an annual. Transplanting a seedling in open ground is carried out in May, when the soil is sufficiently warmed up. Our winters, even in the southern regions, are too harsh. The way out is to grow the culture in a pot for the summer, taking it out to the garden and digging it in together with the container, and putting it back into the house for the winter.

Many cottages today have heated greenhouses for year-round cultivation of vegetables and herbs. There is a huge advantage: you can adjust the temperature and humidity, creating the conditions necessary for the culture.

In the greenhouse or in the garden you need to prepare the soil, the following components are taken, taken in equal parts:

  • turf land;
  • sheet earth;
  • sand;
  • peat.

The soil must be disinfected: you can shed boiling water or a solution of potassium permanganate. Further care is the same as described above: watering, fertilizing and caring for the soil.

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Disease and Pest Prevention

Both the indoor flower and the greenhouse or from an open garden bed require preventive treatments. Despite the excellent immunity, the plant can be attacked by fungi, to prevent their appearance, treatment with fungicides is needed. This can be a purchased drug, necessarily of a biological type, since the procedures are carried out every 3-4 weeks, for example, “Fitosporin” or “Bactofit”.

Most insects bypass ginger : its volatile and citrus aroma scare them away. According to some reviews, shoots are attacked by a spider mite . The ideal habitat for the insect is dry, stagnant air, so compliance with the rules of care will be the best prevention. In case of a tick attack, 2 ml / 1 L of water is destroyed by spraying with the Akarin insecticide.

It is not difficult to grow your own crop of a spicy exotic plant, it is harder to achieve its flowering. However, with patience and compliance with all rules and procedures, this is possible.

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