More and more popular grape varieties, unpretentious in cultivation, giving a large crop and able to bear fruit in regions with a temperate and cooler climate. This is because they cause less hassle when grown. Among these varieties, Ruta grapes stand out favorably, and we will discuss it further.

Variety breeding history

The cultivator of Ruty was cultivated by an amateur breeder from Ukraine in the Zaporizhzhya region. All his work is aimed at obtaining early varieties with large fruits. Ruta was born from the crossbreeding of Kishmish the Radiant with the Talisman. From the first she got the beautiful color of the berries and their shape, from the second - frost resistance, splendor of the bush and good safety indicators during transportation.

Did you know? Ripe Ruta grapes can hang on the bush without crumbling and not spoiling, 1.5–2 months.

Description of grape varieties Ruta

Rune grapes - a tall, powerful bush with a small amount of lateral vines. Its foliage is large, wide, five-lobed, strongly dissected. There are many grapes and they are all capable of ripening during the growing season. But you still need to adjust their number, since then the berries will be small. Bunches of medium friability, conical.

Variety Characteristics

A single description of the variety is not enough to understand what it is. You also need to familiarize yourself with its characteristics.

Fruiting

Young plants bring their first crop a year after planting. The growth and maturation of the brush requires 90-100 days, so this variety is considered early. In the southern regions, you can enjoy berries already at the end of July. The weight of one ripe brush can range from 0.4-0.7 kg. It consists of large, nipple-shaped or oval berries weighing 7–12 g. They can be about 36 mm long and 22 mm wide. Their skin is thin, but strong, pink. Under it is a fleshy sweet pulp with nutmeg notes and notes of sweet cherry in taste.

Vine features

The vine grows quickly, so that the bush does not grow instantly, it is not advisable to fertilize it strongly in the summer. In a young state, the vine has a reddish hue and manages to ripen almost completely during the growing season. Due to the fact that the vine grows quickly, the bush needs good supports, and it is best to let it in the fence, to create a hedge or to form beautiful shady arches from it. The vine perfectly takes root on all stocks.

Find out why the grapes on the bush wither.

Genetic Properties

Ruta grapes were bred frost-resistant, but without shelter, it is able to winter only in the southern regions with warm winters. Also, the breeder made sure that his creation was resistant to popular diseases. To them, the immunity of the plant turned out to be above average. In addition, the berries respond very well to direct sunlight, which is not characteristic of all varieties. Most immediately have burns.

The creator of the variety claims that it is not necessary to normalize the crop, the plant is able to withstand the load of all tied hands. Ruta's flowers are gay, female, and therefore need a pollinator neighborhood. Arkady can perfectly cope with this task.

Shelter grape varieties can also include such varieties as: Baikonur, Viking and Original.

Advantages and disadvantages of grapes

• The positive qualities that distinguish Rutu grapes from other varieties include:
• early ripening;
• early bearing of a young plant;
• good keeping quality;
• presentation is not lost over time;
• unusual taste;
• constant productivity from year to year;
• resistance to disease;
• extremely rare small berries in clusters, all homogeneous;
• wasps rarely attack.

• Among the disadvantages:
• same-sex flowers in need of a pollinator;
• frost resistance is not very high;
• the bush needs a large space for food;
• affected by phylloxera.

Features of growing grape varieties Ruta

Ruta is an unpretentious grape, but there are some points that must be taken into account when growing it, so that you can get a good harvest.

Variety propagation

The variety propagates by all means: seeds, cuttings, layering and grafting. Despite this, it is more advisable to use only two of them: cuttings and layering. These methods are most effective and simple. The cuttings can be rooted in water or grafted. The procedure is carried out in the spring, and the procurement of material is carried out in the fall. The mature part of the vine is cut, having a thickness of 0.6–0.9 mm and 2–4 ocelli.

The cut is waxed and the stalk is wrapped in a damp cloth. From above, it is covered with a plastic bag with holes for ventilation. The future plant is stored in this form in the refrigerator or basement until February. At the end of this month, the stalks begin to prepare for planting. First soaked for 1.5–2 days in filtered water with a growth stimulant. At the same time, the old cut must be refreshed.

Important! It is possible to plant the stalk without preliminary rooting, but usually this is practiced only in warm climates.

Then the petiole is placed in water with activated carbon for rooting. The upper section must be closed with wax. There should be little water, not higher than 40 mm. It should be replaced every week. The first leaves should appear after 15-17 days, the roots a little later - after 24-30 days. Now the petiole can be planted in a loose substrate.

To propagate grapes by layering you need:

1. Before frost, choose the lower shoot-vine, bend it to the ground.
2. Under the shoot, dig a ditch 0.25-0.3 m deep and lay a vine in it.
3. Tear off all leaves, antennae, stepsons.
4. Fill the vine with earth mixed with humus and mineral fertilizers.

In spring, young shoots from each eye of the vine will appear. Pinch them at the end of summer so that they have time to ripen. The next year, before the plants awaken, the seedlings dig up and sit in a new place.

Proper grape planting

Grapes are planted in the spring, but preparatory work is carried out in the summer. At this time of the year, the selected site (sunny, on the south side of the buildings) is dug up and fertilized. In the autumn, a hole is prepared, 70 × 70 cm. If you plan to plant more than one bush, then you need to maintain a distance of 3 m between them. A 15-cm drainage layer is laid in the hole. You can immediately bring the drip irrigation pipe.

Important! In the garden with grapes, the soil should be nutritious, preferably black earth.

Drainage is sprinkled with soil with fertilizers, and just fertile soil is poured on top. In spring, the seedling is deepened so that its root system is in contact only with a layer of clean soil, and only two buds are above the surface. The planted plant is well irrigated, and then mulched with sawdust.

Care

In the first years after planting, a young plant needs abundant watering. Its frequency will depend on the drying rate of the soil in your area. The ground should always be slightly damp. Watering should be stopped 2-3 weeks before the harvest ripens. After each irrigation, when the water is absorbed into the ground, it is advisable to loosen the soil. If the mulch lies, then so often it is not necessary to loosen.

It is advisable to feed the plant with potash fertilizers. He does not need much nitrogen, since he can provoke abundant growth of greenery. In the spring, wood ash, rotted manure is introduced into the soil. Before flowering, foliar top dressing can be carried out with complex fertilizer.

Read also about why grapes turn yellow and what to do about it.

The frost resistance of the variety is not very good, it can withstand drops to –21 ° C, therefore, in all areas where there are no warm winters, grapes must be covered. The vine is bound and laid on the ground. From above it is covered with coniferous branches.

Pruning

When the first ovary appears, the young plant is pruned. Stepsons and weak clusters are removed. Adult bushes are usually cut in the spring. They cut off sick, dead and unnecessary (growing in the wrong direction) vines. During the summer, young shoots that appear in the wrong place are removed. Global pruning of the bush is carried out after the leaves fall. The shoots are shortened so that 6-8 buds remain on them, and 55-60 on the whole bush.

Preventative measures

Ruta is above average resistance to most common diseases, but for preventive purposes it still needs to be processed. In early spring, it is recommended to spray the plant with iron sulfate. If you did not have time to carry out the procedure before the appearance of greenery, then it is better to treat it with 1% Bordeaux liquid.

Did you know? The area of ​​vineyards in the world is 80 thousand km ²: 71% of the harvest collected on them goes to wine, 27% is eaten fresh, 2% is processed for dried fruits.

The remaining funds are applicable only in case of signs of illness. Wasps also do not particularly attack grapes, so you do not need to worry about their invasion. But the birds may want to eat berries. From them you need to prepare protection in advance.

Video: Ruta grape variety