Grape variety Rosmus. Description and photo
Many lovers of dessert grape varieties from all varieties prefer sweet nutmegs with the most sugar in the pulp. This is exactly what Rosmus is. Consider what the variety Rosmus is, its advantages and disadvantages, how to plant it and how to care for it.
Selection history
The variety was created by the efforts of a breeder-winegrower from Zaporozhye (Ukraine) V.V. Zagorulko. The basis for the creation of this hybrid was the popular grape variety Arcadia and another hybrid of the same breeder Sofia (Arcadia x Kishmish Luchisty). As a result, a sugarier variety than predecessors having nutmeg was obtained. This variety is still being tested for stability and other indicators, but has already gained wide distribution, especially in the southern regions.
Important! Rosemus grapes are not recommended to be left on the vine after the beginning of October, as it begins to lose its nutmeg flavor.
Description of Rosemus grape variety
This is an early table variety of harmonious dessert flavor and nutmeg aroma. Rosemus grape berries have dense flesh with a skin of medium density and thickness, which makes it transportable and able to be stored well. Sugar content reaches 20 Brix. It has an average strength of growth and average resistance to diseases (2.5–3 points). The flowers are bisexual, about three brushes appear on one vine. Declared frost resistance is at the level of –23 ... –24 ° С. Vine ripening is good, clusters can already be eaten in late July - early August, depending on the region and weather conditions. They can hang almost until mid-autumn and gain sugar.
Appearance
Grape clusters of the Rosmus variety reach an average of 570 g. They have a conical or cylindrical shape and a dense or medium dense structure. The berries are oval or round, white-pink color, have a reddish blush and a noticeable waxy coating. The average weight of the berries is 9–10 g. The bush itself is vigorous with dark green foliage. The leaves are medium sized, dissected, on strong light green stalks.
Did you know? The rate of consumption of table grapes per adult is 8-10 kg / year. In Russia and Ukraine, fresh grape consumption is only 1-2 kg / year, while lovers of table varieties live most of all in Italy and Bulgaria - 10–20 kg / year.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
- The advantages of this hybrid form of grapes include:
- high sugar content;
- early ripening;
- pleasant nutmeg;
- good frost resistance;
- excellent transportability;
- ability to be stored for a long time;
- good disease resistance.
- Disadvantages:
- usually requires shelter for the winter;
- pea may be present.
Planting grapes - where to start growing?
For grapes, a well-lit area on the south side of the buildings should be reserved. An excellent choice would be a hill without drafts or a slight slope to the south. Shady places should be avoided and vineyards should be planted away from trees, especially if the latter have powerful roots (oak, walnut, mulberry, poplar). A planting pit is dug no closer than 5 m. From the berry shrubs should be retreated by at least 2 m. The distance between the bushes of medium-sized grapes should be 1.5–2 m with row spacing of 2 m (for simple trellis). Planting is best done in the spring, but in the southern regions it is also possible in the fall, since there the grapes manage to take root well before the onset of frost.
If the soil is heavy, then at the bottom of the pit I make a pillow of crushed stone or broken brick of 5 cm, and sand is added to the soil. If desired, planting can be simplified - with a hand drill with a diameter of up to 15 cm, make a hole in the ground to a depth of 0.8 m, pour a little humus into it and plant seedlings. This technique is used when you need to plant a lot of planting material. Before planting, grape seedlings should be soaked in water or a solution of the heteroauxin stimulator. Then make a deepening of 40 cm, put a seedling there, fill it with soil and water it well.
Important! Watering should be done only under the root, since droplets on the foliage under the scorching sun can cause burns.
The subtleties of caring for rosmus bushes
After planting, the grape seedling should be properly looked after.
Regular watering
Planted bushes of Rosmus grapes are watered about 2 times in 7 days, and in dry weather 3 times. Watering is carried out abundantly. For better intake of moisture and air after watering, it is necessary to loosen each bush. From drying out, it is possible to mulch the soil. As mulch, sawdust, peat, and straw are used.
Fertilizer application
Grapes need additional nutrition. Special complex fertilizers can be purchased at a horticultural store (Benefit, Thanos), or they can be prepared on their own. To do this, 1 kg of wood ash and 2 kg of humus are stirred in a 7-liter bucket of water.
Experts recommend three times a year to make the following mineral fertilizers:
- in spring in May, fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are applied;
- in July - nitrogen-potassium fertilizers;
- in September, potash fertilizers are used.
Did you know? Only 27% of all cultivated grapes are used for fresh consumption, and the rest mainly belongs to technical varieties and goes to wine.
Timely trimming
This variety needs pruning. It is necessary to prune damaged and dry branches that are no longer able to bear fruit. During pruning, 4 vines are left on each bush - 2 branches will produce vines, and the other two will be substitute. Branches for fruiting should have 10–13 eyes, and substitute no more than 5. In the autumn, pruning is carried out 14 days after the leaves have fallen from the bush, but before the onset of frost. At the same time, they cover the plant culture from frost. Despite the fact that Rosemus grapes are resistant to frost, it is necessary to shelter it for the winter.
How to protect the crop from pests
Most often, grapes can be damaged by pests such as birds, wasps, as well as diseases - phylloxera, bacterial cancer.
Birds
During ripening, grapes are very attractive to birds. They with pleasure can peck out juicy fruits. For protection, you can install a mesh fence with small fractions of nylon cells. Colored ribbons or scarecrows can scare away small birds, but large birds do not particularly respond to such repellers.
Did you know? The most expensive table grape is the Japanese variety Roman ruby. Its berries reach a diameter of 3 cm. In 2016, a cluster of this variety was sold for $ 10, 900 from auction in the Japanese city of Kanazawa.
Wasps
Sweet grapes can damage wasps. To protect against them, grape brushes are also wrapped in special bags with small fractions of nylon cells. Such protection will not allow wasps to destroy the crop, but they will not interfere with the flow of air and sunlight. Sticky traps or insecticides are used against these pests (Get, Delta Zone). It is also necessary to identify wasp nests in the area and take appropriate measures to destroy them.
Phylloxera
Rosemus grapes can be affected by pests such as phylloxera (or grape aphids). These insects are small in size and have a yellow-green color. The roots and leaves of the plant are affected. This trouble is hard to fight. Volatile carbon disulfide can help get rid of phylloxera. It is necessary to purchase such a chemical product with a concentration of 300-400 cm in a cube per 1 m². If you take a drug with a lower concentration of this substance, then it will not have the desired effect. Prevention is spraying with fungicides ("Aktara", "Confidor").
Learn more about how to treat gray rot and white plaque on grapes.
Bacterial cancer
Many grape varieties are susceptible to bacterial cancer. This disease manifests itself in the form of formations usually in the basal part, which can be either brown-black or white-yellow. A disease reduces the yield and taste of grapes. Such a disease is better to prevent than to treat.
For this reason, the following preventive measures should be followed:
- when buying young seedlings, thoroughly conduct an examination - they must be absolutely healthy without signs of any damage, since any wound can provoke a disease;
- grapes that have undergone bacterial cancer must be disposed of (burned);
- preventive introduction of antibacterial drugs into the soil (Fitoverm M, Fitolavin, Gamair, Extrasol).
Gardeners reviews about the variety Rosmus
At a forum dedicated to viticulture, its participants respond that the variety is still peas, and does not always tie well. For a better setting of berries, the inflorescences are clarified - they break off the leaves around the future bunch, so that there is better pollination. Lack of peeling was noted when planting next to technical grades and when processing with gibberellin. Some winegrowers noted that as the timber was growing, the situation with peeling and poor ovary leveled off. He has good taste and portability, nutmeg and aroma at the height, but the berries are not always beautifully colored.
See also if grapes can cause allergies and how they manifest.
Despite its shortcomings, thanks to its sweet taste with nutmeg and aftertaste of pink jam, the variety has become a favorite among many. They respond positively to the resistance of the variety to diseases. Many preferred rooting seedlings. Good rooting of cuttings was noted. Lovers of sweet grapes with nutmeg on the palate will certainly appreciate the taste of the Rosmus variety.
