Description of Seedless Currants

Like many centuries ago, currants are now used as a medicine, preparations and fresh consumption. Every year the number of varieties increases, which makes it difficult for the gardener to choose the best option. Seedless is characterized by pleasant taste and low whimsical care, so it is one of the most popular.

Seedless currant: variety description

The grade of Currant Bessemyannoy refers to the product of domestic selection. He was bred at the Institute. Lisavenko, located in Siberia. In 2007, the variety was included in the State Register of the country. Suitable for growing in all regions.

Bessemyannaya currant is characterized by an average growth rate of the bush. The maximum size of the bush is 1.6-1.7 m. The crown is dense and reaches 1.5 m in diameter. Medium-sized brushes, consisting of 8-10 flowers. Green leaves consist of 3 blades. The surface of the sheet plate is wrinkled, with roughness. In seedlings, mainly a closed root system.

Did you know? The first mention of currants is found in the manuscripts of the peoples of the Middle East and date back to the 7th century BC. e. But in Western Europe it was rated as a food product only at the end of the 19th century - wine was made from currants.

The variety belongs to winter-hardy crops . Shrubs do not cease to bear fruit, even if in winter the air temperature reaches -40 ° C.

Characteristics and appearance of berries

The characteristics of the fruit indicate the following features:

  • berries are large and round; if you adhere to all the features of agricultural technology, their diameter is 10-14 mm;
  • the peel is thin but strong;
  • black berries;
  • seed rudiments have a jelly consistency;
  • sweet and sour taste;
  • juicy pulp;
  • weight 0.9–1.3 g.

The chemical and mineral composition of the fruit (per 100 g) is as follows:

  1. Vitamins of group C: 8 mg.
  2. Vitamins of the PP group: 0.3 mg.
  3. Vitamin A: 13 mg.
  4. Organic acids: 13 mg.
  5. Sodium: 32 mg.
  6. Potassium: 350 mg.
  7. Calcium: 36 mg.
  8. Phosphorus: 33 mg.
  9. Iron: 1.3 mg.
  10. Magnesium: 31 mg.

Nutritional value of products:

  • proteins - 1 g;
  • fats - 0.4 g;
  • carbohydrates - 7 g.

Energy ratio of BZhU: 10%, 9% and 64%.

The maturity of the cultivar of Bessemyannaya is average. Fruiting occurs from 3 years of life. Harvesting is carried out in early July. From each plant collect up to 4 kg of large and presentable fruits.

Pros and cons of the variety

  • Based on the description, the following advantages of the variety can be noted:
  • consistently high yields;
  • resistance to frost;
  • not affected by aphids and powdery mildew;
  • pleasant taste of fruits;
  • the possibility of transportation.

  • The disadvantages of culture are as follows:
  • affected by anthracnosis and spotting;
  • Needs high-quality nutrition.

Agricultural technology

Features of growing varieties of Seedless currant are in quality planting and care rules. First you need to choose a seat and a seedling, and then proceed to the planting procedure.

When choosing young plants, consider the following features:

  1. Age from 1 to 2 years.
  2. The absence of signs of disease (cracks, spots and flaking of the cortex).
  3. Developed root system, the length of which should be at least 40 cm.

Important! Make purchases in specialized nurseries, not in markets. This will reduce the risk of acquiring diseased planting material.

Seat selection

When choosing a seat, it is necessary to take into account the level of illumination and humidity. The variety of Bessemyannaya currants prefers to grow in areas where a large amount of sunlight falls. This feature allows berries to ripen in early July. To protect the bushes from sunburn, it is necessary to plant young shrubs next to barriers or fruit trees (at a distance of 2-3 m). At noon, they will create a shadow that will prevent the rays from disturbing the development of the plant.

The soil should be moist, light and loose. Loam or chernozem is best for planting. The depth of groundwater should be at least 3 m, so that increased soil moisture does not provoke root rot. Choose a soil with a neutral acid-base balance - this will increase the quality of the taste of berries and yield indicators .

After choosing a seat, you must prepare it. First, they dig a hole 50 × 40 cm in size. To adjust the soil moisture level, 20 cm of crushed stone is poured into the bottom (it will be used as drainage). After this, 300 g of nitrophoska and 400 g of humus are added. The contents must be poured with 20 liters of warm water (from + 30 ° C to + 35 ° C) so that nutrients penetrate into the soil faster.

Landing and care

The optimal time for planting a variety of Bessemyannaya currants is the middle or end of September . Planting scheme - 3 × 3 m. 5 l of water is poured into the hole, after which planting material is vertically set inside. Its roots need to be evenly distributed around the entire perimeter of the pit and sprinkled with soil.

When the planting procedure is completed, tamp the top layer of the earth and water the shrub with 30 liters of water. If desired, cover the trunk section with a layer of mulch (at least 30 cm). This will allow moisture to hold in the ground and reduce weeds.

Important! For mulch, coniferous branches, straw and fallen leaves are used. To make the layer more dense, the ingredients are mixed with humus in equal proportions.

Currant care consists in proper watering, top dressing, pruning and loosening the soil. Also, do not forget about harvesting weeds, which increase the likelihood of developing fungal and bacterial diseases. Water the plot with an interval of 40-60 days. At least 30 liters of water are poured under each bush. After 3-5 days, the topsoil is loosened to increase the penetration of air, nutrients and moisture to the roots.

Top dressing is carried out several times during the season. During the period of active formation of buds, 5 l of potassium nitrate solution (500 g per 10 l of water) is poured under each shrub. To improve the quality of the ovaries, fertilize the plants with 300 g of wood ash. To increase the taste indices, each plant is watered with 4 l of superphosphate (300 g per 12 l of water).

Pruning is done in the spring. In the first year of life, plants cut off all shoots to level 5 buds. Over the following years, in the spring, sick, cracked or frozen branches are cut off. Weed removal is carried out as necessary; they are removed along with the roots to slow down the time of the new appearance.

Fig. 1. Currant pruning: a - annual seedling; b - a biennial bush; c, d - shortening of shoots. Fig. 2. Currant bush before anti-aging pruning (a), after it (b) and pruning of a neglected bush (c).

Pest treatment

Based on the description, the variety of seedless currant is resistant to invasion of aphids. However, it is affected by a spider mite, a moth and currant flies. All these pests are capable of destroying most of the crop in a matter of weeks, if not to begin their timely elimination.

To combat the spider mite, it is recommended to use the “Actellika” solution (40 g per 5 l of water). Against codling moth use “Khom” (100 g per 10 l of water). Processing bushes against the codling moth is carried out by Oksikhom (50 g per 6 l of water). In the fight against currant flies, sprayings are carried out by Karbofos (60 g per 3 l of water).

Preparing for winter

Seedless currant is resistant to severe frosts. Despite this, it is better to protect the bushes with a layer of mulch or film.

2-3 days before the mulching of the trunk part of the bush (at the end of October), it is necessary to water the plant with 10 l of superphosphate solution (50 g per 3 l of water). After this, mix the straw or fallen leaves with humus, and lay the protective layer around the currant with the formed substance. The height of the shelter should be 30-40 cm.

If you decide to cover the shrubs with a film, then it is better to do this a week before the onset of frost. Every day, ventilate the plants so as not to provoke diseases. In spring, when the air warms up to + 15 ° C, the shelter can be removed.

Harvesting

Since the berries ripen together, the harvest is carried out in a few days. If the summer was cool, not all the fruits have time to ripen, so be prepared for the fact that you have to harvest within a few weeks. The berries are carefully placed in a small container or bucket. It is impossible that the peel is damaged, otherwise the shelf life will be reduced.

Storage time

The optimal shelf life of Bessemyannaya currant products is 3-5 months.

Depending on certain factors, they can vary:

  • if the peel was damaged during the harvesting process, shelf life is halved;
  • at a temperature of + 1 ° C to + 5 ° C, the berries will retain their taste and marketability for 4-5 months;
  • if the room warms up to + 10 ° С, storage periods are reduced to 60–90 days.

You can freeze the berries and place them in the freezer. In this case, the products will be stored for 7 to 9 months.

Transportation

Seedless currant is suitable for transportation over long distances. To do this, the berries need to be distributed in small wooden or plastic boxes. Such containers can be stacked on top of each other, but not tightly. If the fruits do not receive enough air, they will begin to rot.

Did you know? In the family of Leo Tolstoy, the favorite dessert was a “black cupcake” with grated currants. So, now you know how to grow a delicious and healthy Seedless currant. It is necessary to take care of choosing a quality seedling and prepare a seat. Do not forget about the care, on which 80% of the future crop depends.

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